研究背景 As China’s aquaculture industry transitions toward high-quality development, veterinary drug residues have emerged as a key non-tariff trade barrier that constrains the international competitiveness of aquatic products.
目的 This study focuses on the maximum residue limits (MRLs) for veterinary drugs in seven commercially important aquatic species and their processed products: Parabramis pekinensis, Carassius auratus, Channa argus, Micropterus salmoides, Monopterus albus, Larimichthys crocea, Lithobates catesbeianus. It systematically compares the structural frameworks of veterinary drug residue standards across China, the Codex Alimentarius Commission (CAC), the European Union (EU), the United States, Japan, and South Korea, and examines the applicability of raw-material-based standards to processed aquatic products.
方法 Drawing on the latest regulatory data from each jurisdiction, this study conducts a comparative analysis along four dimensions: types of regulated veterinary drugs, residue limit values, target tissues, and the degree of species-specific differentiation. It further evaluates the potential effects of processing methods on residue levels in processed aquatic products.
结果 The findings indicate that while China's standards offer advantages in generality and breadth of coverage, they lag behind international counterparts in species-specific refinement, risk assessment methodology, and the pace of harmonization with global standards.
结论 In light of these disparities and the associated trade risks, this study proposes optimization strategies at both the standard-setting and regulatory-system levels, aiming to provide a scientific basis and decision-making reference for strengthening China's veterinary drug residue standards for aquatic products, improving export compliance management, and enhancing China's influence in international standard-setting.
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