Abstract: The tissue eult.ure of the znantle of freshwater clams Criaria plicato and Anodonia woodiana elliptica has been carried out. Both clams are generally used in artificial pearl cultivation in our country. A balance salt solution and a sythetic culture medium had been designed and improved. Epithelial cells and fibroblast cells can grow and reproduce well in the culture. It has been observed that the epithelial cells do secrete dark brown organic pearl matter, vrhiuh males the tissue pieces becomes dark browncoloured.