全植物蛋白饲料中添加蛋氨酸与牛磺酸对团头鲂幼鱼生长、血液生理与抗氧化能力的影响

Effects of different levels of methionine and taurine in all-plant-protein diets on growth, physiology and antioxidant capacity of juvenile Megalobrama amblycephala

  • 摘要:
    目的 探究蛋氨酸(Met)和牛磺酸(Tau)在团头鲂幼鱼全植物蛋白饲料中的复合添加效果。
    方法 设置3个Met添加水平(2.5、5.0和10.0 g/kg)和2个Tau添加水平(1.0和2.0 g/kg)制备6组实验饲料,分别记为M1T1 (实测值为Met 7.5 g/kg、Tau 1.7 g/kg)、M1T2(实测值为Met 7.2 g/kg、Tau 2.7 g/kg)、M2T1(实测值为Met 7.9 g/kg、Tau 1.7 g/kg)、M2T2(实测值为Met 8.6 g/kg、Tau 2.7 g/kg)、M3T1(实测值为Met 11.8 g/kg、Tau 1.6 g/kg)和M3T2(实测值为Met 12.5 g/kg、Tau 2.8 g/kg),饲喂团头鲂幼鱼(12.29 ± 0.06 ) g10周后测定其生长性能、血液生理与肝肠抗氧化能力等指标。
    结果 各组增重率(WGR)、特定生长率(SGR)与饵料系数(FCR)受Met含量及交互作用影响。M2T2组WGR和SGR最高,FCR最低。血浆碱性磷酸酶(ALP)受Met含量及交互作用显著影响,血浆谷丙转氨酶(ALT)受Tau含量显著影响。在T1水平下,ALP和ALT随Met含量的升高而显著降低。肝脏与肠道过氧化氢酶(CAT)活性受交互作用显著影响,且M2T2组CAT活性最高。肠道谷胱甘肽(GSH)含量受Met与Tau含量影响,丙二醛(MDA)水平受交互作用影响,在T2水平下,GSH和MDA含量随Met含量升高而降低。肠道淀粉酶(AMS)与胰蛋白酶(TPS)活性受Met与Tau交互作用的影响。在T1水平下,TPS活性随Met含量升高呈先升高后降低趋势,且M2T1组活性最高。
    结论 全植物蛋白饲料中Met为8.6 g/kg、Tau为2.7 g/kg可显著改善团头鲂幼鱼生长性能、饲料利用与肝肠抗氧化能力,二者的适量添加具有协同作用。

     

    Abstract: To explore the effect of supplementing methionine (Met) and taurine (Tau) in the all-plant-protein diet of juvenile Megalobrama amblycephala, six experimental diets were formulated with three Met supplementary levels (2.5, 5.0 and 10.0 g/kg) and two Tau supplementary levels (1.0 and 2.0 g/kg), yielding measured concentrations of: M1T1 (Met 7.5 g/kg and Tau 1.7 g/kg), M1T2 (Met 7.2 g/kg and Tau 2.7 g/kg), M2T1 (Met 7.9 g/kg and Tau 1.7 g/kg), M2T2 (Met 8.6 g/kg and Tau 2.7 g/kg), M3T1 (Met 11.8 g/kg and Tau 1.6 g/kg) and M3T2 (Met 12.5 g/kg and Tau 2.8 g/kg). After a 10-week feeding trial, growth performance, plasma indices, and hepatic and intestinal antioxidant capacity were evaluated. Weight gain rate (WGR), specific growth rate (SGR), and feed conversion ratio (FCR) were affected by dietary Met and by Met × Tau interaction; the M2T2 group exhibited the highest WGR and SGR and the lowest FCR. Plasma alkaline phosphatase (ALP) was influenced by Met and the Met × Tau interaction, whereas plasma alanine aminotransferase (ALT) was affected by Tau. At Tau level T1, ALP and ALT declined as Met increased. Hepatic and intestinal catalase (CAT) activity was highest in M2T2 and was influenced by the Met × Tau interaction. Intestinal glutathione (GSH) responded to Met and Tau, whereas malondialdehyde (MDA) content was affected by the interaction. At Tau level T2, GSH and MDA decreased with increasing Met. Intestinal amylase (AMS) and trypsin (TPS) activities were affected by the Met × Tau interaction; at Tau level T1, TPS peaked in the M2T1 group. Dietary inclusion of Met 8.6 g/kg and Tau 2.7 g/kg in an all-plant-protein diet significantly improved growth, feed utilization and antioxidant status, indicating a synergistic benefit of optimal Met and Tau supplementation.

     

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