蓝圆鲹的胚胎及胚后发育特征观察

Observation on the embryonic and post-embryonic developmental characteristics of blue round scad (Decapterus maruadsi)

  • 摘要:
    目的 详细了解并描述蓝圆鲹胚胎及胚后发育特征。
    方法 本研究采取人工注射催产激素HCG得到受精卵,利用体视显微镜对胚胎发育和胚后发育过程进行观察和图像采集,对蓝圆鲹从受精卵到仔鱼的各个阶段进行详细的观察及特征描述。
    结果 蓝圆鲹受精卵为圆球形,浮性卵且无色透明,平均卵径(763.4±27.6) μm,含单油球。在温度22.10~25.17 °C、盐度32.56~33.91、溶解氧4.85~5.95 mg/L、pH7.94~8.07的条件下,受精卵历经19 h 10 min孵化出膜,48 h油球被完全吸收,72 h鱼鳔开始形成。
    结论 胚胎发育历经受精卵期、胚盘形成期、卵裂期、囊胚期、原肠胚期、神经胚期、器官形成期与孵化出膜期等 8 大阶段,细分为 23 个时期。孵化后发育包括前后仔鱼2个时期,初孵仔鱼全长 (1 777.5±156.5) μm,孵化后0~17 d,平均日生长速率为 565 μm/d。

     

    Abstract: Blue round scad (Decapterus maruadsi) is an economically significant fish species in China. Wild juveniles of D. maruadsi have been caught and are being cultured in net cages in China. However, the lack of artificial seedlings has limited the cultural scale of D. maruadsi in China. To date, there have been no reports on the propagation of D. maruadsi. To explore artificial breeding techniques for D. maruadsi, fertilized eggs were obtained by injecting HCG. The embryonic and post-embryonic development processes were observed and imaged using stereomicroscopy, and the characteristics of each stage from fertilized egg to juvenile fish were described. The results showed that D. maruadsi fertilized eggs were spherical, buoyant, and colorless, with an average diameter of (763.4±27.6) μm, containing a single oil globule. Under conditions of hatchery with temperature of 22.10–25.17 °C , salinity of 32.56–33.91, dissolved oxygen of 4.85–5.95 mg/L , and pH of 7.94–8.07, the fertilized eggs hatched in 19 hours and 10 minutes. The oil globule was completely absorbed at 48 hours, and the swimming bladder appeared at 72 hours. Embryonic development included 8 main stages, subdivided into 23 periods: fertilized egg, blastoderm, cleavage, blastula, gastrula, neurula, organogenesis, and hatching. Post-hatch development consisted of prelarval and larval stages. Newly hatched larvae had an average total length of (1 777.5±156.5) μm, with an average daily growth rate of 565 μm/d from 0 to 17 days post-hatching.

     

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